| Date |
Event |
Remarks |
Source |
| 814 bc |
Carthage founded |
trad. |
|
| 753 bc |
Rome founded |
trad. |
|
| 620 bc |
Carthage contending w Greeks in Spain |
silver |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 159 |
| 580 bc |
Carthage vies for Sicily with Greek colonizers |
Phoenicians had bn pushed to west end by 580 |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 158 |
| 509 bc |
Roman Republic founded |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 508 bc |
R treaty w. Carthage |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 501 bc |
Latin War. First dictator. |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 6th c bc |
Dedication, Temple of Diana on the Aventine |
|
Stambaugh 17 |
| 499 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Castor & Pollux |
or possibly 496 |
Stambaugh 17 |
| 499 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Ceres Liber liberaque |
or possibly 496 |
Stambaugh 17 |
| 497 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Saturnus |
|
Stambaugh 18 |
| 497 bc ? |
Dedication, Temple of Dius Fidius on Quirinal |
|
Stambaugh 18 |
| 496 bc |
R defeats Latins at Lake Regillus |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 495 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Mercurius |
|
Stambaugh 17 |
| early Rep |
Atrium Vestae |
|
Stambaugh 18 |
| early Rep |
Regia rebuilt as repository for sacred implements |
|
Stambaugh 18 |
| early Rep |
Domus Publica |
|
Stambaugh 18 |
| 494 bc |
First Secession of the Plebs |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 494 bc |
tribunate of plebs established |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 493 bc |
Latin League treaty signed |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 480 bc |
Carthage defeated at Himera by Greeks |
saved Greece in the west |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 158 |
| 458 bc |
Cincinnatus made dictator to save R army |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 457 bc |
tribunes raised in number from 5 to 10 |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 451 bc |
Appointment of the Decemviri |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 450 bc |
Law of the Twelve Tables (451 - 450) |
same legal treatment for all |
Connolly, The Ancient City, 107 |
| 449 bc |
Second Secession of the Plebs |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 443 bc |
censors appointed |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 435 bc |
Villa Publica on Campus Martius for comanders |
|
Stambaugh 18 |
| 433 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Diana |
|
|
| 428 bc |
Law banning new foreign cults |
|
|
| 406 bc |
first payment of the army |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 405 - 396 bc |
siege of Veii |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 400 bc |
Carthage resumes Sicilian efforts |
after economic recession |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 159 |
| early 4th c |
M. Furius Camillus builds Temple of Fortuna |
Forum Boarium, site of older
shrine |
Stambaugh 19 |
| early 4th c |
M. Furius Camillus builds temple of Mater Matuta |
Forum Boarium, site of older
shrine |
Stambaugh 19 |
| 396 bc |
Veii falls to R |
nearest Etruscan neighbor |
connolly, the ancient city, 107 |
| 396 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Juno Regina on Aventine |
Camillus, goddess of Veii |
Stambaugh 19 |
| 391 bc |
Gallic force crosses Apennines, 30,000 strong |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 390 bc |
Gauls defeat R army at Allia River |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 390 bc |
Gauls sack R, then withdraw |
Capitol held out for 7 months |
connolly, the ancient city, 107 |
| 390 bc |
many shrines destroyed, as well as houses |
|
Stambaugh 20 |
| 390 bc |
Servian wall built at R |
after sack by Gauls (Rs believed Servius Tullius built it)
-- enclosed more space than pomerium (Adkins says 378 bc) |
connolly, the ancient city, 108 |
| 367 bc |
Temple of Concord built |
Camillus, in Forum Romanum |
Havell, 543
Connolly, The Ancient City, 107
|
| 367 bc |
praetorship and aedileship established |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 367 bc |
commission to supervise maintenance of official cults |
quindecimviri sacris faciundis |
Stambaugh 20 |
| 366 bc |
First plebeian consul elected |
|
|
| 356 bc |
first plebeian dictator |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 351 bc |
first plebeian censor |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 348 bc |
R treaty w. Carthage renewed (commercial) |
first treaty, ca. early 4th c bc; terms even more fav to C |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 160 |
| 343 bc |
First Samnite war (343 - 341) |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 343 bc |
R allies with Capua |
|
Stambaugh 23 |
| 340 - 338 bc |
Latin War. |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 338 bc |
R dissolves Latin League |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 337 bc |
first plebeian praetor |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 327 bc |
second Samnite War (327 - 304) |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 326 bc |
first proconsul. Papirian law. |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 323 bc |
Alexander the Great dies |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 321 bc |
The Caudine Forks |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 312 bc |
Via Appia built from R to Capua |
Appius Claudius Caecus |
connolly, the ancient city, 108 |
| 312 bc |
first aqueduct built, Aqua Appia |
from 7.5 mi east of
R (springs) -- Ap. Claud. Caecus, fed fountain near Forum Boarium |
| 312 bc |
expanded Senate: members origin. Lower classes, even man.
slaves |
Appius Claudius
Caecus & censorial colleague |
| 312 bc |
altered tribes to increase city voting power |
Caecus -- rescinded
304 bc |
| 311 bc |
war with the Etruscans |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 306 bc |
R has new treaty w Carthage |
C not to interfere in Italy |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 164 |
| 300 bc |
Carthage invaded by Agathocles (approx.) |
A did well but lost in the end |
| 304 bc |
treaty with the Samnites |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 304 bc |
Ap. Claud. Caecus changes to tribes (312) rescinded |
|
Stambaugh 21 |
| 303 bc |
Via Flaminia, Via Valeria begun |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 4th c |
colonies est. to guard conquered territories |
|
Stambaugh 22 |
| 4th c |
Forum Boarium & docks developed |
|
Stambaugh 22 |
| 4th c |
Forum Romanum lost many of its commercial tenants |
moved to other forums |
Stambaugh 22 |
| 298 bc |
Third Samnite War (298 - 290) |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 296 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Bellona |
|
Stambaugh 25 |
| 295 bc |
Decius Mus, pleb leader, won battle at Sentium |
made R supreme power in Italy |
Stambaugh 23 |
| early 3rd c |
Dedication, Temple of Jupiter Victor |
|
Stambaugh 25 |
| 294 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Victoria |
|
Stambaugh 25 |
| 293 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Quirinus |
|
|
| 293 bc |
Cult of Aesculapius intro to Rome |
|
Adkins, 3 |
| 290 bc |
R controls all of central Italy |
After defeating Samnites; Gauls still raiding |
connolly, the ancient city, 107 |
| 290s bc |
Many temples to Greek gods built |
|
Stambaugh 27 |
| 288 bc |
Mamertines seize Messana (Sicily) |
discharged Italian mercenaries of Agathocles |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 165 |
| 287 bc |
Third Secession of the Plebs. Hortensian Laws. |
lex Hortensia abolishes Senate veto of
plebiscita |
Havell, 543 |
| 287 bc |
Lex Hortensia, moved assy meetings to non-market days |
result (unintended?) gave more power to city;
farmers there less often to vote |
Stambaugh 26 |
| 284 bc |
Battle of Arretium |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 283 bc |
R expels Gauls from Italy |
all-out attack on Senones |
connolly, the ancient city, 107 |
| 283 bc |
Boii & Etruscans defeated at Lake Vadimo |
|
Havell, 543 |
| Pyrr war |
"Enemy Territory" established |
|
Stambaugh 27 |
| Pyrr war |
Dedication, Temple of Summanus |
|
Stambaugh 27 |
| 281 bc |
War with Tarentum and with Pyrrhus |
Adkins says 280 - 275 bc |
Havell, 543 |
| 280 bc |
Battle of Heraclea |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 279 bc |
Battle of Asculum |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 279 bc |
Carthage agrees to help keep Pyrrhus in Italy |
|
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 164 |
| 278 bc |
Alliance with Carthage |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 275 bc |
Battle of Beneventum. Pyrrhus returns to Epirus. |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 275 bc |
R controls all of Italy south of Po |
after Pyrrhus, leader of Gk states in So |
connolly, the ancient city, 107 |
| 275 bc |
Syracuse's influence confined to eastern Sicily |
|
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 165 |
| 273 bc |
Treaty with Egypt |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 272 bc |
Carthaginian fleet appears at battle of Tarentum |
briefly; during war against Pyrrhus |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 164 |
| 272 bc |
Tarentum surrenders |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 272 bc |
Anio Vetus aqueduct built w/ money from Pyrrhic war |
supplied the hilltop (?) |
Stambaugh 25 |
| 272 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Consus |
|
Stambaugh 27 |
| 271 bc |
Fall of Rhegium |
|
Havell, 543 |
| Pyrr war |
after war, Greeks came to R in greater numbers |
|
Stambaugh 27 |
| 268 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Tellus |
|
Stambaugh 27 |
| 267 bc |
Dedication, Temple of Pales |
|
Stambaugh 27 |
| 267 bc |
Campaign against Sallentines. Brundisium taken. |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 266 bc |
Conquest of Italy completed |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 265 bc |
Hiero comes to power as King of Syracuse |
|
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 165 |
| 265 bc |
Appius Claudius (?) refers Mamertine Q to people |
ca., after Senate failed to decide |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 166 |
| 264 bc |
First Punic War begins (264 - 241) |
over possession of Sicily |
connolly, the ancient city, 107 |
| 264 bc |
Siege of Messana |
Havell, 543 |
| 264 bc |
Appius Claudius Caudex to Messana w 2 legions |
occupies Messana after Carthage fails to contest vigor. |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 167 |
| 264 bc |
200 statues brought to R from Volsinii |
Italic and Etruscan |
Stambaugh 27 |
| 263 bc |
R allies with Hiero |
ca. |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 168 |
| 262 bc |
M. Valerius triumphs (defeat of C & Hiero) |
painting on wall of Curia Hostilia commemorates |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 168 |
| 262 bc |
R sacks Agrigentum |
|
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 169 |
| 260 bc |
R builds fleet from C model |
able to challenge C at sea |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 169 |
| 260 bc |
cns. Gn. Corn. Sc captured by Punic squadron |
|
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 170 |
| 260 bc |
cns. G. Duilius defeats large Punic fleet |
off Mylae, NE corner of Sicily, trimuphs -- first naval
triumph for R |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 170 |
| 260 bc |
Duilius built Temple of Janus in Forum Holitorium |
god of entrances |
Stambaugh 25 |
| 1st PW |
Dedication, Temple of Spes in Forum Holitorium |
goddess of hope |
Stambaugh 25 |
| 259 bc |
cns. L. Corn. Sc captures Sardinia (& Corsica) |
Rs learn to make expeditionary raids |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 170 |
| 258 bc |
cns. C. Sulpicius defeats Punic fleet, 2nd naval vic |
off Sulci |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 170 |
| 258 bc |
Aquillius captures Camarina and Enna |
|
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 171 |
| 257 bc |
G. Atilius Regulus raids Malta & defeats Punic fleet |
off Tyndaris, 3rd naval vic (Malta = Melita) |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 171 |
| 256 bc |
Romans land in Africa |
Regulus |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 171 |
| 256 bc |
Regulus & L. Manlius Vulso defeat Punic fleet |
off Cape Ecnomus,
Sicily -- secures passage to Africa |
| 256 bc |
Rs take Clupea, in Africa |
threaten C in rear |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 172 |
| 256 bc |
Regulus advances to Tunis |
camps for winter |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 172 |
| 255 bc |
Xanthippus (for C) defeats Regulus at Tunis |
African expedition had failed |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 172 |
| 255 bc |
cns. Rescue Regulus'
survivors & win off Hermaean Promontory |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 173 |
| 255 bc |
rescue fleet destroyed by storm during return home |
only 80 of 210 vessels survive |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 173 |
| 254 bc |
Romans take Panormus |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 250 bc |
Great victory at Panormus. Siege of Lilybaeum beg. |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 249 bc |
Battle of Drepanum |
|
Havell, 543 |
| 248 bc |
R renews treaty with Hiero |
|
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 168 |
| 247 bc |
Hannibal born |
I have Hasdrubal b.
244, Mago b. 243, "Hanno" b. 250 |
| 244 bc |
Hamilcar takes Eryx |
Havell, 543 |
| 242 bc242
bc |
by now, second praetor estab. |
Wolff, division into
pr. Urb & pr. Pereg. |
| 242 bc |
Battle off Aegates Islands |
Havell, 543 |
| 241 bc |
First Punic War ends |
R controls Sicily |
connolly, the ancient city, 107 |
| 241 bc |
Carthaginian war with mercenaries (241 - 238) |
Havell, 543 |
| 241 bc |
first Roman plays based on Greek originals |
Stambaugh 27 -- Livius
Andronicus, Gnaeus Naevius |
| 238 bc |
R threatens Carthage and she submits. War with Gauls renewed. |
Havell, 543 |
| 237 bc |
Hamilcar takes Hannibal with him to Spain |
Connolly, 145 |
| 236 bc |
Scipio Africanus born |
|
|
| 235 bc |
doors of T. of Janus closed |
R at peace with all nations first
time on record |
| 232 bc |
Lex Flaminia |
Havell, 543 |
| 241-218 |
org of Comitia Centuriata changed, somewhat reducing influence of rich |
Wolff, 41 -- sometime between 241
& 218 |
| 231 bc |
Sardinia & Corsica constituted a province |
Havell, 543 |
| 230 bc |
# praetors raised to four |
Wolff, to govern new
provinces |
| 230 bc |
Hamilcar killed; Hasdrubal succeeds |
Cary & Scullard,
chron. |
| 230 bc |
Illyrian War (230 - 229) |
Havell, 543 |
| 229 - 228 bc |
R attack pirates on Illyrian coast |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 228 bc |
Romans admitted to Isthmian Games |
Havell, 543 |
| 226 bc |
Ebro River treaty w/ Carthage (Hasdrubal) |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 226 bc |
Rising among the Gauls |
havell, 543 |
| 225 bc |
Battles of Faesole and Telamon |
havell, 543 |
huge Gallic force defeated at Telamon |
| 222 bc |
Cos: Gn. Scipio, Marcellus |
|
|
| 222 bc |
All Gaul south of the Alps subdued |
Havell, 543 |
| 222 bc |
Marcellus defeats Viridomarus in single combat |
Plutarch |
|
| 222 bc |
Marcellus gets triumph; Scipio Calvus doesn't |
Plutarch |
|
| 221 bc |
Cos: P. Cornelius Scipio Asina, M. Minucius Rufus` |
|
|
| 221 bc |
Hannibal succeeds Hasdrubal in Spain |
Havell, 543; H about
26 years old |
| 220 bc |
Cos: M. Valerius Laevinus, Q. Mucius Scaevola |
|
|
| 220 bc |
War in Illyria (220 - 219) |
Havell, 543; Hannibal's
opportunity, as R sent both consuls to Illyria |
| 220 bc |
Gaius Flaminius Nepos builds Circus Flaminius |
Stambaugh 25 -- on
Campus Martius |
| 219 bc |
Cos: L. Aemilius Paullus, M. Livius Salinator |
|
|
| 218 bc |
Cos: P. Cornelius Scipio, Ti. Sempronius Longus |
|
|
| 218 bc |
Prae: M. Aemilius
Lepidus, G. Atilius Serranus, L. Manlius Vulso, G. Terentius Varro |
| 218 bc |
Hannibal takes Saguntum |
Havell, 543 |
| 218 bc |
H eludes Scipio at Rhone |
|
|
| 218 bc |
Second Punic War begins |
H sacks Saguntum; H
invades Italy |
| 218 bc |
H invades Italy |
|
|
| 218 bc |
Marcellus commands a fleet in Sicily |
Plutarch |
|
| 218 bc |
Mid-November: elder Scipio meets Hannibal on Ticinus |
Romans lose the
cavalry skirmish |
| 218 bc |
December: Sempronius defeated at Trebbia |
Hannibal soundly
beats Sempronius Longus |
| 218 bc |
law limiting size of ships senators could own |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 217 bc |
Cos: Gn. Servilius Geminus, G. Flaminius |
Suff: M. Atilius
Regulus for Flaminius |
| 217 bc |
Prae: M. Aemilius
Regillus, A. Cornelius Mammula, T. Otacilius Crassus, M. Pomponius Matho |
| 217 bc |
Promag: C.
Centenius, P. Cornelius Scipio, Gn. Cornelius Scipio Calvus |
| 217 bc |
Dict: Q. Fabius Maximus Verrucosus |
ME: M. Minucius
Rufus |
| 217 bc |
Dict: M. Minucius Rufus (co-dict) |
|
|
| 217 bc |
Dict: L. Veturius Philo |
Apptd to hold
elections but abdicated vitio creatus; ME: M. Pomponius Matho |
| 217 bc |
Flaminius defeated at L. Trasimene |
Hannibal ambushes
Flaminus N. of lake |
| 217 bc |
Fabius made dictator; M. Minucius Rufus mag. Equ. |
selected for his
caution |
| 217 Bc |
Hannibal escapes blockade with brands on oxen |
Falernian Plain,
Apulia |
| 217 bc |
Minucius made
co-dictator |
early winter; Fab
& Minuc. Split the army |
| 217 bc |
Minucius ambushed at Gerunium |
rescued by Fabius;
Minucius places himself under F's command |
| 217 bc |
Fabius's dictatorship ends after 6 months |
consuls take over:
Regulus & ? |
| 216 bc |
new consuls: L. Aemilius Paullus, G. Terentius Varro |
No suffecti |
| 216 bc |
Prae: M. Claudius
Marcellus, P. Furius Philus, M. Pomponius Matho, L. Postumius Albinus |
| 216 bc |
Prae Suff: M. Aemilius Lepidus |
For L. Postumius
Albinus, killed in Gaul |
| 216 bc |
Dict: M. Junius Pera (after Cannae) |
ME: Ti. Sempronius
Gracchus |
| 216 bc |
Dict: M. Fabius Buteo |
ME: none -- appt to
revise roll of senate |
| 216 bc |
Promag: M. Atilius
Regulus, A. Cornelius Mammula, P. Cornelius Scipio, Gn. Cornelius Scipio
Calvus, T. Otacilius Crassus, Gn. Servilius Geminus |
| 216 bc |
Marcellus given command in Sicily |
early in year; L.
Post. Albinus to Po valley: praetors |
| 216 bc |
Geminus & Regulus made proconsuls at Gerunium |
|
|
| 216 bc |
consuls replace proconsuls as H moves to Cannae |
|
|
| 216 bc |
Cannae |
H destroys R army,
Sc leads escape |
| 216 bc |
Romans bury a vestal alive |
scapegoat for losing
some 100,000 men |
| 216 bc |
also bury two Celts and two Greeks alive |
" |
|
| 216 bc |
Marcellus given command of Cannae legions |
|
|
| 216 bc |
Marcellus puts Hannibal to flight at Nola |
Plutarch 95 |
| 215 bc |
Cos: L. Postumius Albinus, Ti. Sempronius Gracchus |
Albinus killed while
cos designate |
| 215 bc |
Marcellus elected consul but nullified |
by Fabius's
machinations thru augurs; Suff for Albinus |
| 215 bc |
Suff: Q. Fabius Maximus Verrucosus |
after Marcellus
nullified |
| 215 bc |
Prae: Ap. Claudius
Pulcher, Q. Flavius Flaccus, Q. Mucius Scaevola, M. Valerius Laevinus |
| 215 bc |
Promag: M. Claudius
Marcellus, P. Cornelius Scipio, Gn. Cornelius Scipio Calvus, T. Manlius
Torquatus, T. Otacilius Crassus, M. Pomponius Matho, M. Terentius Varro |
| 215 bc |
lex Oppia restricting women's jewelry & clothing |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 214 bc |
Cos: Q. Fabius
Maximus Verrucosus, M. Claudius Marcellus |
|
| 214 bc |
Prae: P. Cornelius
Lentulus, Q. Fabius Maximus (younger), Q. Fulvius Flaccus, T. Otacilius
Crassus |
| 214 bc |
Promag: Ap. Claudius
Pulcher, P. Cornelius Scipio, Gn. Cornelius Scipio Calvus, Q. Mucius
Scaevola, a Pomponius, M. Pomponius Matho, Ti. Sempronius Gracchus, C.
Terentius Varro, M. Valerius Laevinus |
| 214 bc |
Syracuse besieged by Marcellus |
Havell, 543 --
Marcellus vs. Archimedes, Adkins says 213 |
| 214 bc |
First Macedonian War (214 - 205) |
Havell, 543 |
| 213 bc |
Cos: Q. Fabius
Maximus (younger), Ti. Sempronius Gracchus |
|
| 213 bc |
Dict: C. Claudius Centho (to hold elections) |
ME: Q. Fulvius
Flaccus |
| 213 bc |
Prae: M. Aemilius
Lepidus, M. Atilius Regulus, Gn. Fulvius Centumalus, P. Sempronius
Tuditanus |
| 213 bc |
Promag: M. Claudius
Marcellus, P. Cornelius Scipio, Gn. Cornelius Scipio Calvus, Ap. Claudius
Pulcher, P. Cornelius Lentulus, Q. Mucius Scaevola, T. Otacilius Crassus,
C. Terentius Varro, M. Valerius Laevinus |
| 213 bc |
Fire swept Forum Boarium, rebuilt after (or in 210?) |
Stambaugh 25 |
| 213 bc |
Scipio curule aedile |
|
|
| 212 bc |
Cos: Q. Fulvius Flaccus, Ap. Claudius Pulcher |
|
|
| 212 bc |
Prae: C. Claudius
Nero, P. Cornelius Sulla, Gn. Fulvius Flaccus, M. Junius Silanus |
| 212 bc |
Promag: M. Claudius
Marcellus, P. Cornelius Lentulus, P. Cornelius Scipio, Gn. Cornelius
Scipio Calvus, Q. Mucius Scaevola, T. Otacilius Crassus, Ti. Sempronius
Gracchus, P. Sempronius Tuditanus, M. Valerius Laevinus |
| 212 bc |
Fall of Syracuse |
Havell, 543, Adkins
says 211 |
| 211 bc |
Cos: Gn. Fulvius
Centumalus Maximus, P. Sulpicius Galba Maximus |
| 211 bc |
Prae: C. Calpurnius
Piso, M. Cornelius Cethegus, L. Cornelius Lentulus, C. Sulpicius |
| 211 bc |
Promag: M. Claudius
Marcellus, C. Claudius Nero, Ap. Claudius Pulcher, P. Cornelius Scipio, Gn.
Cornelius Scipio Calvus, Q. Fulvius Flaccus, M. Junius Silanus, T.
Otacilius Crassus, P. Sempronius Tuditanus, M. Valerius Laevinus |
| 211 bc |
Hannibal before Rome |
Havell, 543 |
| 211 bc |
Fall of Capua. |
Havell, 543 |
| 211 bc |
Scipio in Spain. |
Havell, 543 |
| 210 bc |
Marcellus tried for crimes in Sicily; acquitted |
Plutarch 109 |
| 210 bc |
All Sicily under R. |
Havell, 543 |
| 210 bc |
Scipio takes New Carthage |
Havell, 543 |
| 209 bc |
Marcellus does well against H at Canusium |
Plutarch 115 |
| 209 bc |
Marcellus tried for cowardice in Rome |
Plutarch 114 |
| 209 bc |
Fall of Tarentum |
Havell, 543 |
| 208 bc |
Marcellus ambushed and killed |
Plutarch 117 |
| 207 bc |
Death of Hasdrubal at Metaurus R. |
Havell, 543 |
Hasdrubal landed on Adriatic coast, then down the Metauro
Valley |
| 206 bc |
Battle of Ilipa (or Baecula) |
Havell, 543 |
| 206 bc |
Scipio returns to Rome |
Havell, 543 |
| 204 bc |
Scipio in Africa |
Havell, 543 |
| 204 bc |
Philip V of Macedon defeated |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 203 bc |
Battle of the Great Plains |
Havell, 543 |
| 203 bc |
Hannibal returns to Africa |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 202 bc |
Zama |
Sc defeats H |
| 201 bc |
Second Punic War ends |
R controls Spain,
Carthage defeated |
| 200 bc |
Second Macedonian War (200 - 196) |
Havell, 543 |
| 198 bc |
Flaminius in Greece |
Havell, 543 |
| 197 bc |
Battle of Cynoscephalae. War in Gaul. |
Havell, 543 |
| 197 bc |
Pacification of Spain begins |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 196 bc |
first triumphal arches built in R |
Stambaugh 29 |
| 196 bc |
Flaminius at the Olympic Games |
Havell, 543 |
| 195 bc |
Flaminius besieges Sparta |
Havell, 543 |
| 195 bc |
lex Oppia repealed |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 194 bc |
R withdraws from Greece |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 193 bc |
first porticoes built in R |
Stambaugh 29 |
| 192 bc |
War with Antiochus (192 - 190) |
Havell, 543 |
| 192 bc |
Antiochus invades Greece |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 191 bc |
R victorious at Thermopylae |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 191 bc |
Antiochus driven out of Greece |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 190 bc |
Battle of Magnesia |
Havell, 543 |
| 189 bc |
Antiochus the Great of Syria defeated |
assisting brother
Lucius, actual commander |
| 189 bc |
Settlement of Asia. Aetolians finally subdued. |
Havell, 543 |
| 187 bc |
Antiochus the Great dies |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 187 bc |
Via Aemilia begun. |
Havell, 543 |
| 187 bc |
Trial of the Scipios |
Havell, 543 |
| 186 bc |
Fanatical worship of Bacchus |
Havell, 543 |
| 186 bc |
senators suppress Bacchic rites in Italy |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 185 bc |
Ligurian War begins |
Havell, 543 |
| 184 bc |
first basilica built in R |
Stambaugh 29 |
| 184 bc |
Cato's censorship |
Havell, 543 |
| 183 bc |
Death of Scipio |
Havell, 543 |
| 183 bc |
Death of Hannibal |
Havell, 543 |
| 181 bc |
Aquileia founded |
Havell, 543 |
| 179 bc |
first stone bridge built in R |
Stambaugh 29 |
| 179 bc |
death of Philip of Macedon |
Havell, 543, succeeded by son
Perseus |
| 179 bc |
Ti. Gracchus the elder in Spain |
Havell, 543 |
| 174 bc |
first paved streets in R |
Stambaugh 29 |
| 173 bc |
Greek philosophers expelled from R |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 172 bc |
both consuls Plebeian for first time |
Havell, 543 |
| 171 bc |
Third Macedonian War (171 - 168) |
Havell, 543 |
| 168 bc |
Battle of Pydna, June 22 |
Havell, 543 |
| 168 bc |
Roman protectorate over Egypt |
Havell, 543 |
| 167 bc |
settlement of Macedon |
Havell, 543 |
| 167 bc |
1,000 Greek hostages deported to R, incl. Polybius |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 167 bc |
Delos declared a free port |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 165 bc |
Greek patriots exiled |
Havell, 543 |
| 161 bc |
Greek philosophers expelled from R again |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 156 bc |
Lex Aelia Fufia |
Havell, 543 |
| 155 bc |
campaign against the Dalmatians |
Havell, 543 |
| 153 bc |
Celtiberian War (153 - 133) |
Havell, 543 |
| 150 bc |
Galba massacres the Lusitanians |
Havell, 543 |
| 149 bc |
Death of Cato |
Havell, 543 |
| 149 bc |
Third Punic War (149 - 146) |
Havell, 543 |
| 148 bc |
Fourth Macedonian War |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 148 bc |
Macedonia becomes a province |
Havell, 543 |
| 148 bc |
War against Achaean Confederacy |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 147 bc |
Scipio Aem. To command in Africa |
Havell, 543 |
| 146 bc |
Destruction of Carthage |
Havell, 543 |
| 146 bc |
province of Africa formed |
Havell, 543 |
| 146 bc |
destruction of Corinth |
Havell, 543, after rebellion in
Achaea; Achaean Confed dissolved |
| 146 bc |
first marble temple built in R |
Stambaugh 29 |
| 143 bc |
Variathus triumphant in Spain |
Havell, 543 |
| 140 bc |
murder of Variathus |
Havell, 543 |
| 139 bc |
ballot introduced in elections |
Havell, 543 |
| 139 bc |
end of war in Lusitania |
Havell, 543 |
| 139 bc |
slave war in Sicily (139 - 132) |
Havell, 543, Adkins says 135 -
132 |
| 133 bc |
tribunate and death of Ti. Gracchus |
Havell, 543 |
| 133 bc |
fall of Numantia |
Havell, 543 |
| 133 bc |
kingdom of Pergamum bequeathed to R |
Adkins, 5 |
later Asia Province |
| 133 bc |
R supreme in Spain |
Havell, 543 |
| 133 bc |
Attalus bequeaths his kingdom to R |
Havell, 543 |
| 132 bc |
R puts down Sicilian slave rebellion (began 139 or 135) |
Adkins, 4 |
|
| 131 bc |
both censors plebeian for the first time |
Havell, 543 |
| 129 bc |
assassination of Scipio Aem. |
Havell, 543 |
| 125 bc |
Flaccus and the Italian franchise |
Havell, 543 |
| 125 bc |
Revolt of Fregellae |
Havell, 543 |
| 123 bc |
tribunate of G. Gracchus (123 - 122) |
Havell, 543 |
| 123 bc |
the Equites become a new order |
Havell, 543 |
| 122 bc |
Drusus outbids Gracchus |
Havell, 543 |
| 121 bc |
death of G. Gracchus & Fulvius |
Havell, 543, also
3,000 followers |
| 121 bc |
southern Gaul conquered |
Havell, 543 |
| 113 bc |
wars with Cimbri & Gauls (113 - 101) |
Havell, 543 |
| 112 bc |
Jugurthine War (112 - 106) |
Havell, 543 |
|
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Temple of Jupiter Opt Max built |
Capitoline Hill -- late 6th c bc |
Connolly, The Ancient City, 106 |
|
First Tribunes of the Plebs |
early 5th c bc |
Connolly, The Ancient City, 107 |
|
Plebs could hold all junior magistracies |
early 4th c bc |
Connolly, The Ancient City, 107 |
| |
Cloaca Maxima developed for drainage |
6th c bc |
Connolly, The Ancient City, 107 |
| |
Cloaca Maxima covered |
2nd c bc |
Connolly, The Ancient City, 107 |
|
Expansion of R influence over Italy |
4th c bc, north and south |
Connolly, The Ancient City, 107 |
|
Gallic tribes infiltrating Po valley |
5th c bc |
connolly, the ancient city, 107 |
|
R takes over Latin League, conq of Italy |
late 4th c bc |
connolly, the ancient city, 107 |
|
Empire of Tartessus holds sway in Spain |
friendly to Greeks, now penetrating west, 7th c bc |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 159 |
|
Carthage & Etruscans break Greeks in Spain |
at battle of Alalia (date?), after 620 bc |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 159 |
|
Carthaginian settlements in Sardinia |
after battle of Alalia, after 620 bc |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 159 |
|
Carthage defeats Tartessians in Spain |
owns Tartessian empire, late 6th c bc |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 159 |
|
Himilco explores tin routes of north |
early 6th c bc |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 159 |
|
Hanno explores west coast of Africa |
early 6th c bc |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 159 |
|
R coming into contact with Carthage |
6th & 5th c bc |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 160 |
|
R signs first treaty with Carthage |
early 4th c bc, after Etruscans defeated, in C's favor |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 160 |
|
Carthage holds monopoly in western Med |
5th & 4th c bc |
scullard, Rom Wld 753-146, 160 |
| |
Temple of Juno Moneta built, n. end of Capitoline |
mid 4th c bc |
connolly, the ancient city, 109 |
| |
Temple of Magna Mater built, Palatine |
early 2nd c bc |
connolly, the ancient city, 109 |
| |
Rome urged to support Mamertines v. Carthage |
mid 3rd c bc, dilemma |
scullard, rom wld, 753-146, 166 |
|
lex Aquilia: harm to slave equated with prop. Damage |
late 3rd c bc, reduced slaves to
object status |
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