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Characters Under construction. I'll soon have a complete list of the characters in Against Rome here, with information about each, including pronunciations. (Note: This is my "bible," the master list that helps me avoid mistakes like changing a character's name or description.) Here's the raw list--I'll be updating it from time to time and cleaning it up. Click a letter or use the Find on this Page feature of your Internet browser. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Legend: Pronunciation: A
few basic rules of Roman pronunciation (Classical Latin differs from Church
Latin): 1. c and g are always hard, as in cat and girl (Lucius is Loo-kee-us,
not Loo-shuss), but ‘gn,’ as in Gnaeus, is like ny in canyon. 2. v is always
pronounced as w (virilis is wirilis). 3. Ae is pronounced ‘eye’, not
‘ee’ or ‘ay’. 4. ch is k, not ch (Pulcher is Pull-ker, not Pull-cher).
5. Latin had no j, but it’s become customary to pronounce ‘Julius’ with
the j rather than ‘Yoo-lee-uss,’ spelled Iulius, as people in ancient Rome
did. General
guide to pronouncing ancient Latin and Roman names Adanius (Uh-dah'-nee-us) Ilergetes* tribesman in Spain who guides
Scipio* and Laelius*. (Book 2) Adonibaal (Uh-don'-i-bull) Personal slave to Publius Cornelius Scipio*
(Africanus). His mother was a Carthaginian sold into slavery for debt. (2-4) I
have him accompany Scipio to Lake Trasimene, where he is captured by Hannibal,
then released because he is of Carthaginian birth. He walks home to Rome
carrying a letter of passage from Hannibal. Later, in 215 (Book 2), he enlists
when Rome calls up two legions of volunteer slaves, offering them their freedom.
He fights under Sempronius Gracchus near Beneventum in 214 and is freed. Friend
of fellow slave and freedman Demetrios*. [Note: In Against Rome,
Adonibaal has blistered hands from digging grave pits at the lake. Carry over
into his story in Against Hannibal.] Aebutius, Appius (App'-ee-us Eye-byoo'-tee-us) A centurion in Flaminius’s* legions; one
of the Semproniani*. Killed at Lake Trasimene. [name changed from Appius Furius] Aemilia Secunda (Eye-mil'-ya Se-kun'-da) Sister of Aemilia Tertia*. I have Scipio* betrothed to Secunda, who is a terrible monster to her younger sister Aemilia Tertia. Aemilia Tertia murders Secunda. Scipio later becomes betrothed to Aemilia Tertia and eventually marries her (Book 2). In the Flaminius* chapter, I describe her as tall, thin, plain, with a braying voice. Aemilia Tertia (Eye-mil'-ya Tur'-tya) Daughter of Lucius Aemilius Paullus*, the consul of 216, and wife of Publius Cornelius Scipio* (Africanus) (Book 2). Little is known about her except her extravagance (see Livy). I’ve invented a history of child sexual abuse by her father and physical abuse by her sister Aemilia Secunda. After her father’s death at Cannae, I have Aemilia Tertia kill Secunda with the help of her slave girl Nemain and her brother Lucius. Aemilia Tertia’s birthday is in early Quinctilis. She is nine when her father begins to abuse her, eleven when he refuses to betroth her to Scipio, and thirteen when she murders her sister. She’s seven years younger than Scipio, thus born in 229 B.C. Aemilius Papus, Lucius (Eye-mil'-yus
Pah'-pus, Loo'-kee-us) Consul in
225 who beat the Gauls at the
Battle of Telamon. [D 10-3] Aemilius Paullus, Lucius (Eye-mil'-yus
Paul'-us, Loo'-kee-us) 1. Consul of
216 , killed at Cannae. Father of Lucius Aemilius Paullus who later conquered
Macedonia (2 below), in 168. Also
father of Aemilia Tertia*, wife of Publius Cornelius Scipio* (Africanus). I’ve
completely fabricated the notion that he was a child abuser—apologies no doubt
due. I name his wife Junia, his children Aemilia Prima, Aemilia Secunda*,
Aemilia Tertia*, and Lucius Aemilius Paullus
junior* (all invented except young Lucius). 2. Consul of
182 and 168, conqueror of Macedonia. Brother of Aemilia Tertia*, who married
Publius Cornelius Scipio* (Africanus). He’s a boy in my story. Aemilius Paullus, Marcus (Eye-mil'-yus Paul'-us) Co-consul
commanding the fleet that rescued the remnants of Marcus Atilius Regulus’s*
army from Carthaginian shores during the First Punic War (1). See also Fulvius
Paetinus Nobilior, Servius*. Aesculapius (Eye-skoo-lah'-pee-us)
Roman god of
healing and medicine. Borrowed from Greeks. [1] Agathocles (Uh-ga'-tho-kleez)
A Sicilian
Greek who invaded Carthage about 50 years before M. Atilius Regulus* did the
same in 256. Agathocles did well but was ultimately defeated. Allobroges (Al-o-bro'-geez,
a guess) A tribe in
southern Gaul, from the Rhodanus east into the Alps. Andastra (Ann-dah'-struh) A little girl a year younger than Aemilia
Tertia* who works in the Aemilius Paullus kitchen grinding grains with a mortar
and pestle. Andastra is the daughter of Aemilia Tertia’s slave girl Nemain*.
Aemilia Secunda* kills Andastra, leading to Aemilia Tertia’s murder of
Secunda. Antistius, Marcus (Ann-tiss'-tee-us) Senior military tribune in Flaminius’s* army at Lake Trasimene. Captured by Hannibal*. (I don’t really know he was there, but he could have been, as his name does not appear in the Fasti past 217 B.C.) Aphrodite A Greek hetaera, or prostitute, whom
Scipio* meets in Massilia. They have a love affair briefly (at least it’s that
in Scipio’s eyes). She dies there in 215 (Book 2), during Scipio’s visit, of
a disease that Scipio and Lucius* brought there. Archimedes The famous
mathematician and inventor, who lived in Syracuse in Sicily during the Second
Punic War. He devised Syracuse’s ingenious defenses. Roman soldiers killed him
when they sacked the city. (Book 2) Artio (Arr'-tee-o) A white Pyrenees shepherd dog, owned by Vendorix*. (4, 5) Named for a Celtic bear goddess. (See James, p. 89.) See also Belenus*. Artio is the dog that catches up with Vendorix at the Gorge in the Alps and accompanies him on the rest of his journey. Arvina, Titus (Arr-vee'-na, Tee'-tus) A posterior centurion at Lake Trasimene.
Partnered with Appius Aebutius*. I describe him as a rough fellow sporting a
dozen scars on his face alone. Baal Hammon (Bay'-ul or
Bah'-ul Hum-mon') A major god
of the Carthaginians. See also Tanit*. Baebius Tamphilus, Quintus (Bye'-bee-us
Tam-fill'-us) Roman
ambassador to Hannibal and Carthage in 219 (1) along with Publius Valerius
Flaccus* seeking to prevent Hannibal from attacking the town of Saguntum. Also
one of a party of five ambassadors (2) who put the question of war or peace to
the Carthaginian Senate in 218. I depict him as a “lean, sallow man.”
(1) Balbus, Bruttius (Bahl'-bus, Brute'-ee-us) A centurion, friend of Aulus Pennus*. (1) Changed to one of Scipio’s legionaries under Marcellus near the end of Book 1. Belenus (Bell'-ehn-us) A white Pyrenees shepherd dog, owned by Vendorix*. (4, 5) Named for a Celtic sun-god and healer of Gaul. Lost at the Rhodanus. (See James, p. 89.) See also Artio*. Boii (Boe'-ee) A Gallic
tribe in the Padus River Valley, much opposed to Rome’s presence in that area.
See also Insubres*. (Bore'-ix) One of the twin sons of the Gaul, Vendorix*. See also Dorix*. Borix & Dorix run away when Hannibal passes through their homeland and join his army. They barely survive the first ambush in the Alps, then fight well in the second ambush. Borix survives the whole Alpine crossing and the battles at the Ticinus, Trebia, Lake Trasimene, and Gerunium, but he is killed at Cannae. He’s reunited with his father after Lake Trasimene. (4, 5) Description (ch 5): “Dorix and Borix were robust young men, young copies of their father, with identical strong backs, thick arms, and sturdy legs, already, at sixteen, well along in their warrior’s training, outdoorsmen all their lives, and thus tanned and hardened. They bore the same pleasant face, with small noses, rather large ears, merry brown eyes, and wide mouths—all under sheaves of dark red hair worn at nearly shoulder length. Despite their redheadedness, neither boy sunburned, so they had no need of hats except in cold weather.” Brancus (Bran'-kus) A chief of
the Allobroges* in southern Gaul on the Rhodanus River. After Hannibal* took his
side against his brother, Dormas*, Brancus
provided guides to start Hannibal on his way through the Alps. [I’ve
invented the name Dormas, though the man himself is attested in Polybius.] Caedicius, Aulus A tent mate of Decimus Vetus* in the elder Scipio’s* legions on the Padus. Caedicius, Quintus Consul who
died in office in 256 M. Atilius
Regulus replaced him as consul suffectus. Carthalo One of
Hannibal’s lieutenants. (1) I have him in charge of Hannibal’s
network of spies (Lamb says he was Hannibal’s
intelligence chief). And Hannibal sends him as emissary to Rome after
Cannae, seeking the ransom of Roman prisoners—and possibly negotiations to end
the war, though the Romans refuse both. A handsome young nobleman. Catulus, Gaius Lutatius 1. Consul
who concluded the First Punic War by winning the Battle of the Aegates Islands
(1). 2. Also the name of a consul of 220 who later headed a commission to
establish Roman colonies at Placentia and Cremona in Italian Gaul. The consul of
218, Publius Cornelius Scipio*, had to send two legions there. Cethegus, Marcus Cornelius A cousin of young Scipio,
with him at Massilia in 218. Consul in 204. Scipio’s Aedilician colleague in
213. [3, 46] Stocky. Cincius, Publius A military tribune with Flaminius, killed
at Lake Trasimene. (He was a real person, but I
don’t truly know he was at that battle—but he could have been.) I describe
him as a small, prematurely balding man. Claudius Caudex, Appius Consul in
264 He led the expedition to aid
the Mamertines which precipitated the first war with Carthage. (1) Claudius Nero, Gaius Consul in
207, when he was instrumental in defeating Hasdrubal Barca* at the Metaurus
River. As a tribune under Marcus Livius Salinator* in 219, Nero accused his
commander of peculation. I have young Marcus Livius* vow revenge against
his father’s accuser. When Scipio’s father
and uncle are killed in Spain, Nero is given the command until Scipio* usurps it
from him (Book 2). Consul in
212, he came to Canusium with Scipio* after Cannae in 216. I have him a
somewhat dim blusterer whom Scipio has to guide.
He went on to become Praetor in Sicily in 215 and was at Capua in 211 as
proconsul. Claudius Pulcher, Publius Consul
during the First Punic War who drowned the sacred chickens and lost the Battle
of Drepanum. (1) Clepsina, Lucius Genucius Undistinguished
consul of 271 who speaks in
favor of aiding the Mamertines during the First Punic War. Cornelia Scipio I’ve invented a sister for Scipio, two years older than he is. She marries Publius Furius Philus* and has his son after Publius is killed. Crassus, Calpurnius A legate of
Marcus Atilius Regulus during the invasion of Africa in 256 Dasius, Marcus Commander of
the Roman garrison at the supply town of Clastidium in the Padus Valley. In late
218 , Dasius betrayed the town to Hannibal. Demetrios Personal slave to Lucius Cornelius Scipio, brother of Africanus. (2-4) I have him enlist in the slave legions with Adonibaal* in 215, but unlike Adonibaal he runs away before the fight with Hanno in 214 and is punished by having to stand to eat his meals for the rest of the war, though he and other shirkers do get their freedom. Dorix One of the twin sons of the Gaul, Vendorix*. See also Borix*. Shares Borix’s history up to the final descent from the Alps into Italy, where he falls from a 3,000-foot cliff. (4, 5) Description: See Borix. Dormas A real
person, though the name is my invention. Brother of Brancus (see) at the
“Island.” (5) Duilius, Gaius Consul in
260 who first defeated Carthage in a major sea battle, the Battle of Mylae (1). Equites The knights
of Rome, the 91 senior centuries of knights. Eumaeus Steward in the L. Aemilius Paullus household. Name borrowed from Odysseus’s faithful swineherd (see Handbook to Life in Ancient Greece, 305). Fabius Maximus Verucosus Cunctator, Quintus The famous
Delayer, dictator and consul during the Second Punic War who led the strategy of
containing and shadowing Hannibal rather than directly engaging him. A great
opponent of Publius Cornelius Scipio (Africanus). (2-15) honey cakes
stuffed with sweet pecorino cheese, Fabius’s favorite indulgence Fannius, Sextus One of young Scipio’s fellow cadets and tent mates at the Ticinus River—but not a friend. {p. 15) Dropped from the book ? Definitely replaced him in the battle with Laelius. Felicita Keeper of an herb stall in the Forum Holitorium. She teaches Nemain* about herbs and, especially, poisons. fetiales A group of
special priests at the Temple of Bellona. When war was declared, it was one of
them who threw the ceremonial spear into “enemy territory” outside the
Temple of Bellona. Flaccus, Publius Valerius A Roman
consular dispatched to Spain and Carthage in 219 along with Quintus Baebius*
Tamphilus to urge that Hannibal leave the town of Saguntum alone. (1) I depict
him with stern lips and a flushed face. Flaccus, Quintus Fulvius [D 8-4] Flaminius, Gaius Consul in
222 who won a triumph from the
People after being turned down by the Senate. Consul in 217, when he died at the
Battle of Lake Trasimene where his army was ambushed by Hannibal. I
deptict him with a long, dark face, intense black eyes and tight, thin lips.
He’s taller by a head than any of his peers, and though his body is built on a
slender plan, the shoulders are muscular. He has a reputation as a scrapper. Fulvius Paetinus Nobilior, Servius Co-consul
commanding the fleet that rescued the remnants of Marcus Atilius Regulus’s
army from Carthaginian shores during the First Punic War (1). See also Aemilius
Paullus, Marcus*. Furius, Appius – changed to Aebutius, Appius Furius Philus, Publius 1. The
consul of 223. 2. That Furius’s son, who does not show up in the Magistrates.
I have used him as Cornelia Scipio’s husband. Livy does place him at Canusium
after Cannae (p. 153) as the man who told Scipio about Metellus and the
deserters [38]. I have him killed in Italian Gaul in early 215 with Postumius
[43], though he has a son by Cornelia Scipio. That son does appear in the
Magistrates. His mother, Livia, is a terrible Harpy to her daughter-in-law
Cornelia. Galdorus One of Vendorix’s councilors at the oppidum. His daughter is raped and he is murdered by Hannibal’s men trying to avenge her. Garganius, Marcus A pedarius in the
Senate during the debate on aiding the Mamertines during the First Punic War (1) Geminus, Gnaeus Servilius Consul with
Gaius Flaminius in 217 and a member of the Aemilian-Scipionic political faction
in Rome. He was at Ariminum when Flaminius was ambushed and killed at Lake
Trasimene. Killed himself at Cannae. [D 8-10] I name his wife Minucia. Geta Brother-in-law of Vendorix*. Married to Alla, Vendorix’s sister. Gisgo – see Hasdrubal Gisgo (aka Hasdrubal, son of Gisgo) A lieutenant* of Hannibal. (4) 2. Carthaginian general* torn to bits by the mob during the Mercenary War. (2) Hamilcar Barca Father of
Hannibal, Hamilcar was a Carthaginian hero in Sicily during the First Punic War,
then put down a rebellion of mercenary troops from the first war, and finally
conquered much of Spain for Carthage. (1) He raised Hannibal, Hasdrubal, and
Mago as his “lion cubs,” trained from childhood as soldiers. Died in Spain
in 227. I show him with a dead first son, Hanno. Hannibal Barca A
Carthaginian noble, commander of a force that invaded Italy in 218 and stayed
for 15 years causing trouble. Born 247, went to Spain with his father,
Hamilcar*, at age 9, grew up as a soldier there, succeeded Hasdrubal the
Handsome* as governor of Spain in 221. I have him assassinate Hasdrubal. Began
planning his invasion immediately, besieged Saguntum in 219, and crossed
southern Gaul and the Alps into Italy late in 218. Beat the Romans at the
Ticinus River in Italian Gaul (P. Scipio*) in 218, the Trebia River in Italian
Gaul (Sempronius*) in 218, Lake Trasimene in Etruria (Flaminius*) in 217,
Gerunium in Apulia (Minucius*) in 217, and Cannae in Apulia (Aemilius Paullus*)
in 216. Then he worked at gaining the allegiance of Rome’s disaffected Italian
neighbors in the south, stalemated more or less by Fabius’s* strategy of
delay. Finally called home to Carthage in 203, and beaten by Scipio at Zama in
202. Later he became Suffete, governing for 5 years in Carthage, then escaped
Roman attempts to capture or kill him and ended up in the pay of Antiochus III
of Syria. Killed himself in 284 or 283 when surrounded by agents of Rome. I have
him marry an Iberian princess named Imilce, who gives him a daughter. He has
sharp, angular, dark features, with a hatchet nose and deep-set dark eyes. Hanno 1. A
Carthaginian general in Spain. Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio defeated him at Cissa in
218. (8) 2. Also the name of one of
Hannibal’s lieutenants (a son of Bomilcar the Suffete): a wiry man of
thirty-five with deep eyes, a thin, hooked nose, a neatly trimmed beard, and
massive hands (5). I have him in
charge of recruiting spies inside Italy (1). He’s also the man who creates a
diversion to aid Hannibal’s crossing of the Rhodanus River (5). 3. Some
sources report a brother of
Hannibal’s by this name, but I think that’s in error because the better
sources don’t mention a Hanno. I do use this hypothetical brother, however, in
the sacrifice scene of the Prelude. 4. See also Hanno, Old*. Hanno, Old Chief
political foe of Hamilcar Barca and Hannibal. He advocated a policy that focused
on Africa and ignored the rest of the Mediterranean, so he was against the wars
with Rome. (1) I depict him as enormously fat, with a surprisingly squeaky
voice. Hasdrubal Barca Hannibal’s
brother, whom he left in command in Spain when he marched for Italy in 218. (1)
Killed when defeated at the Metaurus in northeastern Italy in 207. Gaius
Claudius Nero threw Hasdrubal’s head into Hannibal’s camp. He’s a year
younger than Hannibal. He looks much like Hannibal except that his face is
narrower. Hasdrubal, son of Gisgo (aka Hasdrubal Gisgo) One of
Hannibal’s chief lieutenants.(1) Ruddy faced. I have him in charge of
“applying the grease,” bribing tribes along Hannibal’s route to Italy to
ease the passage. He also commands troops in many of the battles. Hasdrubal the Handsome Hamilcar’s*
son-in-law, married Hannibal’s sister Tanitha and divorced her to marry an
Iberian princess. (1) Chosen as Hamilcar’s successor in 227, assassinated in
221 (by Hannibal. Succeeded by Hannibal. I depict Hasdrubal as a pig, addicted
to fine wines and rich foods, and to the stream of silver out of Spain. Hiero II of Syracuse Tyrant, or
monarch, of the city of Syracuse in Sicily during the First Punic War (1). He
later became a Roman ally during the Second Punic War. Hieronymus of Syracuse Grandson of
Hiero, who succeeded Hiero as Tyrant of Syracuse at age 15 and was manipulated
by his uncles, who were among his counselors, into defying Rome in aid of
Carthage. Assassinated in 214 B.C. Himilco A Carthaginian senator, chief ally of Hamilcar Barca and of Hannibal. (1) Idontus An Iberian soldier in Hannibal’s army, who fights with Borix*. (5) Ilergetes A tribe in
Spain. Insubres A Gallic
tribe in the Padus River Valley. See also Boii. Junia Wife of Lucius Aemilius Paullus, who died at Cannae. I describe her this way: “could not keep her nervous fingers still. Gods, what a mouse. Yet vain, too. Hardly an appropriate wife for a consular.” Labienus, Marcus A soldier in the elder Scipio’s army on the Padus River, who sees a crow much larger than any eagle shortly before the Battle of the Trebia. (p. 14) Laelius, Gaius A junior
military tribune at the Ticinus River and later Scipio’s legate in Spain and
Africa. Also his friend. (Pronounced Lye’-lee-us.) I’ve invented his
presence at the Ticinus, the Trebia, Lake Trasimene, and in Spain during
Scipio’s first (invented) tour there. Leonidas A Sicilian Greek physician with the legions in Italian Gaul in 218 He treats the wounds of young Scipio’s father. Livia Wife of Publius Furius Philus, mother-in-law of Scipio’s sister Cornelia. I describe her as a vicious, evil Harpy, who abuses her entire family. Livius Salinator, Marcus Consular colleague of Lucius Aemilius Paullus in 219 B.C. He was accused of theft and exiled until his rehabilitation by P. Licinius Crassus and his censorial colleague in 210 B.C. His wife was a Pacuvia, daughter of Pacuvius, a leading man of Capua. (2) That Livius Salinator’s son, who is Scipio’s age and Scipio’s friend. He’s taller and better looking than Scipio and is very superstitious. Wants to be an orator, doesn’t think he can be a good soldier. Killed fighting in the Battle of the Trebia. [2] Maenius, Gaius Winner of
Rome’s first-ever sea battle, Maenius erected the Columna Maenia with captured
ships’ beaks in the Forum, as well as structures along the sides of the Forum
to house shops. (1) Mago Barca Hannibal’s
younger brother who carries out an ambush on the Roman rear at the Trebia River.
(8) Also petitions the Carthaginian Senate for reinforcements after Cannae. (15)
I depict Mago as a short man who’s a little slow on the uptake, though he
turns out to be a good soldier. He’s two years younger than Hannibal. He has a
rather round face, but with the same dark features as Hannibal and Hasdrubal
Barca. Mago was short, beardless, with piercing black eyes in a round
face. (7) Maharbal Hannibal’s
chief of cavalry. (1) Malchus An elder of Carthage, who comes to Hamilcar to beg his help against the mercenaries. (2) Malleus, Caeso Leader of Flaminius’s scouts, whom Scipio and Laelius accompany down the Arnus River before Hannibal comes to Arretium. [10, Flaminius] Mamertines A group of
outlaws from Campania who took the Sicilian city of Messana and used it as a
base from which to prey on Sicily. Rome’s decision to aid them in their fight
against Hiero of Syracuse and his Carthaginian allies precipitated the First
Punic War in 264 Mamilius Vitulus, Quintus An undistinguished consular and minor foe of Marcus Atilius Regulus during the First Punic War. Manlius, Decimus – changed to Vetus, Decimus – see. Manlius Torquatus, Titus Commander
who executed his own son in the Latin war for disobeying an order not to engage
in personal combat with the enemy. (1) Marcellus, Marcus Claudius Hero of the
Second Punic War during which he was consul several times. He captured the city
of Syracuse in Sicily despite the ingenious defenses of Archimedes. He died in
an ambush set by Hannibal in 208. Consul in 222 with Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio*,
Consul suffectus in 215, Proconsul 215, Consul 214, Proconsul 213-211, Consul
210, Proconsul 209, Consul 208, Augur 226-208.
(1) Mares A Gaul of the Cavares, inquisitor of Vendorix. (5) See also Rosta. Megasthenes A “friend” (client) of the character Aphrodite in Massilia. He writes a letter to Scipio about Aphrodite’s health. Metellus, Lucius Caecilius A man of
tribunician rank serving at Cannae as a ranker. In Canusium, after the battle,
he led a group of men planning to desert Rome in her darkest hour. Scipio
stopped him. [38] Minucia My name for the wife of Gnaeus Servilius Geminus, consul of 217 B.C. A short, plump woman, her dark coloring. Minucius Rufus, Marcus Master of
Horse in Quintus Fabius Maximus’s dictatorship in 217 B.C. (8-4) Nemain Personal slave to Aemilia Tertia* (10). A tall Gallic girl of about 25 or 26 with freckles and long blonde hair worn in braids. She has a long, equine face and big, clumsy hands and pale blue eyes. She becomes an expert on herbs, including poisons. (Originally I called her Quieta.) Her daughter Andastra* works in the Aemilius Paullus kitchen. Nemain came to the household not long after Aemilia Tertia was born and soon became pregnant by one of the male slaves, who was later sold. She had Andastra about a year after Aemilia Tertia’s birth. Old Hanno – see Hanno, Old Pennus, Aulus Drill instructor to young Publius Cornelius Scipio (Africanus). (2) Perses Rich Greek ship fitter living in Phintias at time of Battle of Ecnomus, 256 L. Manlius Vulso “appropriates” a fine desk from him. Phanodemus Greek steward in the Scipio family
household. (12) I borrowed the name of a Greek historian of the 4th
century B.C., author of a history of
Athens in nine books. (Handbook to Life in Ancient Greece, p. 276) Pomponia Mother of
Publius Cornelius Scipio (Africanus). Little is known of her. I describe her in
Chapter 2 as an attractive, slender woman not quite forty, hair still dark
blonde (in 218 B.C.). I have her eyes brown. (ch 13) Pomponius Matho, Manius Scipio’s
maternal grandfather, a former consul ------- Popillius, Quintus A tribune of the soldiers under Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio in Italian Gaul, 222 B.C. (1) Postumius Albinus, Lucius A cadet with young Scipio* in Italian Gaul.
2. Father of that cadet, killed in Italian Gaul
(in the forest of Litana) as praetor and consul-elect in 215. Consul in 234 and
229, praetor ca. 233 (?). Prima – see Aemilia Prima Quieta – see Nemain Quirites The Roman
People – see SPQR = “senate and people of Rome” Regulus, Gaius Atilius 1. Brother
of Marcus Atilius Regulus, the invader of Africa. Gaius was consul in 257. 2.
Son of M. Atilius Regulus, consul with Lucius Manlius Vulso in 250 They failed to capture the city of Lilybaeum in Sicily during
the First Punic War. Gaius was later killed at Telamon. (1) Regulus, Manius Atilius Fictional son of Marcus Atilius Regulus*. Executed by his father during the First Punic War. Regulus, Marcus Atilius 1. Consul
during First Punic War, who invaded Africa in an attempt to end the war. His
invasion prefigures that of Scipio* fifty-two years later. Regulus’s son
Manius* and his execution are my inventions, and while Regulus’s capture by
Carthage in 255 is factual, the
story of his trip to Rome and subsequent return to Carthage is purely legendary
(1). 2. The son of (1), he was consul in 227 and an ally of Fabius* [11]. Romulus Legendary
founder of Rome in 753 B.C. with his twin brother Remus. First of three Romans
to win the spolia opima. Rosta A fat Gaul of the Cavares, captor of Vendorix. (5) See also Mares. Safat Chaimberlain to Hasdrubal the Handsome in Spain. He’s a noted epicure and procurer of toothsome children for Hasdrubal the Handsome. (1) Sallentini A Gallic
people in Italian Gaul. Scipio, Gnaeus Cornelius (second cognomen: Calvus) Brother of
the elder Publius Cornelius Scipio and uncle of the Scipio who ultimately
defeated Hannibal. As proconsul, accompanied his brother’s troops to Spain in
218. Consul in 222 in Italian Gaul with Marcellus*. (1-6) I have him a widower
with two married daughters and two sons. Scipio, Lucius Cornelius (Asiagenus/Asiaticus?) Younger
brother of Publius Cornelius Scipio (Africanus). Consul in 190 , winning the
Battle of Magnesia against the Persians. (1-5) His birthday is in the
second half of the year*. I describe him as having gray eyes (ch 13). Scipio, Publius Cornelius Father of
Scipio Africanus*. He was consul in 218, sent to Spain. He stopped in Massilia
and attempted to intercept Hannibal at the Rhodanus River (Rhone), but Hannibal
eluded him and marched into the Alps. Scipio elected not to pursue him, but sent
his legions on to Spain with his brother Gnaeus*, then returned to Italian Gaul
to wait for Hannibal. He encountered Hannibal in a cavalry skirmish near the
River Ticinus and was wounded. Tradition has him rescued here by his son Scipio
(later Africanus). In 217, he went on to join Gnaeus in Spain, and the two
fought there until they were both killed in 211. [1] Scipio, Publius Cornelius (Africanus) Name of the
Roman general who eventually beat Hannibal and was later given the cognomen
Africanus. Also the name of his father and the name of his eldest son. As a
convenience for the reader, I have Africanus’ friends and family call him
simply “Scipio.” (Pronounced Skee’-pee-oh.) Description ch. (Description
of father, 1.) His birthday is in the first half of the year*. I’ve invented
large stretches of his career because there are big gaps in the record. It’s
possible, though not certain, that he was with his father at the Rhodanus.
It’s possibly legendary that he was at the Ticinus and saved his father’s
life. I’ve invented his being at Lake Trasimene and his ride, with Gaius
Laelius, to warn Rome after the ambush there. I’ve invented his being with
Fabius in Campania and his involvement in Hannibal’s famous ruse of the oxen.
I’ve invented his being with Marcellus in Campania, his tour in Spain in
215-214, his love affair with Aphrodite, his spy trip with Laelius to New
Carthage, details of his campaign for Aedile in 213 (but he did hold the office
then), his being with Marcellus in Sicily and meeting Cato there, and a good
many details of his campaign to win the Spanish command in 210, though his
winning it is fact. After that point, the record is more solid. His being at
Cannae and then at Canusium, where he supposedly shared the command with Appius
Claudius (I have him cede the command to Claudius), and his handling of the
Metellus desertion affair, are attested in Livy, if Livy is to be trusted. Scipio Asina, Gnaeus Cornelius Consul in
260 who was captured by the Carthaginians when he sought the surrender of the
Lipari Islands off Sicily during the First Punic War (1). Secunda – see Aemilia Secunda Semproniani Some of the ten thousand survivors of the Trebia, those who broke through Hannibal’s center with Sempronius. Later reassigned to Flaminius and mostly killed at Lake Trasimene. (I invented the term Semproniani.) Sempronius Longus, Tiberius Co-consul in
218 with the elder Publius Cornelius Scipio*, Longus was defeated in the first
great battle with Hannibal, at the Trebia River (8). I have him
(fictionally) as a tribune of the consul Gaius Licinius Varus in 236 (1) as
well. I also have him as a legate of Marcellus in Italian Gaul (16). I call his
wife Claudia, given the affinity of Sempronii
with the Claudians (Scullard). Sequana Slave
companion and watchdog to Scipio’s sister, Cornelia. A Gallic girl from the
area of what is now Paris, named after the goddess of that place. (12) (The
World of the Celts, James, p. 89) Serranus, Gaius Atilius Praetor
Urbanus in 218 He commands the
legions in the Padus River Valley that the elder Scipio takes over. Has a dark
face. Surus Hannibal’s
favorite elephant (means “the Syrian”) and the only elephant to survive
after the Battle of the Trebia. Talus Chief of cavalry for Brancus of the Allobroges at the “Island.” (5) Tanit A major
goddess of the Carthaginians. See also Baal Hammon*. Taranis Thunder and
sky god of the Celts. (See James, p. 89.) (5) Taurini One of the
Gallic tribes inhabiting northern Italy. Their chief town became the modern city
of Turin. (Pronounced Taw-ree’-nee) Teutates “God of
the Tribe”—probably a name used for different gods among the Celts. (See
James, p. 89.) (5) Torquatus – see Manlius Torquatus Tribunes of the Plebs Ten elected
officials who ran the Plebeian Assembly and sat in the Senate. They could make
laws and veto laws and the actions of any other magistrate, including the
consuls. Valerius, Marcus A cadet with Scipio in the Padus Valley. (p. 18) Valga A Numidian scout attached to Hannibal’s army. (1) Varus, Gaius Licinius A cadet with Regulus* in 256 (his being there is fictional) and later consul in 236 in Gaul. (1) Also a member of the delegation to Carthage in 218, which resulted in a declaration of war for the Second Punic War. (2) And I have him an ally of Fabius. He’s weary of war. He also like to watch birds. Vendorix A Gallic leader in Hannibal’s path in southern Gaul. See also Borix*, Dorix*, Geta*, Mares*, Rosta*, Artio*, Belenus*. His scarf is green. Versestus Squad leader in Hannibal’s army, who recruits Borix and Dorix. (5) Vetus, Decimus (formerly Manlius, Decimus) A soldier in the elder Scipio’s army on the Padus River, who repeats a garbled version of the younger Scipio’s dream to Scipio himself. (p. 14) Viridomarus King of the
Insubrian Gauls, killed in single combat by Marcus Claudius Marcellus at
Clastidium in 222 This earned
Marcellus the spolia opima, the third and final Roman commander to
do so. Vitulus, Quintus Mamilius One of Marcus Atilius Regulus’s opponents on the question of aiding the Mamertines during the First Punic War (1) Vulso, Lucius Manlius 1. Consul in
256 , colleague of Marcus Atilius Regulus. (1) 2. Also the name of a Praetor
Peregrinus who, in 218 , tried to rescue captured Roman colonial commissioners
in Italian Gaul and failed (2). Son of the consul of 256. Xanthippus Mercenary
commander of Carthage’s armies against the invasion of Regulus* during the
First Punic War. He was from Sparta. (1) Yeoubas One of Hannibal’s “boys,” a year younger than Hannibal, skinny, sad-faced, but rebellious. Poor soldier material. He’s killed in the raid on the village (1). Back to Top
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